PROBLEMS OF JUDICIAL PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF PERSONS IN CONDITIONS OF MARITIME

Section Law: Problems of modernization of economic legislation

Abstract

The article proves that the military aggression of the armed forces of the russian federation against Ukraine has led to the impossibility of administering justice in those regions of the independent state that have been attacked by russian war criminals. This resulted in the transfer of territorial jurisdiction to a significant number of local courts that were destroyed or severely damaged by the enemy, or located in the occupied territories or encirclement, to the jurisdiction of those local courts in areas where hostilities are not currently taking place. to ensure the right of access of persons to court on a territorial basis. Emphasis is placed on the fact that the current procedural legislation of Ukraine, which determines the procedure for economic, administrative and civil cases, provides for mandatory operation in the general courts of the Unified Judicial Information and Telecommunication System, which ensures registration of all procedural applications received by the court; automated determination of a judge or panel of judges to consider a specific case; exchange of documents in electronic form between courts, as well as between the court and the parties; sending court decisions and other procedural documents to litigants to their official e-mail addresses; consideration of cases on the basis of materials created in electronic form. It is concluded that the introduction of the Unified Judicial Information and Telecommunication System as the basis for the functioning of the general courts of Ukraine puts their procedural activities in complete dependence on the stability and quality of information and telecommunication systems and the Internet. In such circumstances, under martial law, the General Courts of Ukraine, which have the technical and human capacity to administer justice, are threatened with closure in the event of unstable operation of information and telecommunications systems or disconnection from the Internet, which precludes judicial protection guaranteed by Article 51 of the Constitution of Ukraine. In this regard, it is proposed to introduce into the procedural codes of Ukraine additional rules that allow general courts to move to martial law, in case of unstable operation of information and telecommunications systems or disconnection from the Internet, paperwork and litigation, as well as introduce a temporary moratorium on the entry of court decisions adopted during this period in the Unified Register of Court Decisions, which will guarantee the sustainable operation of courts in difficult times of the state’s existence.

REFERENCES
1. Vasyliev P.S. Terytorialna pidsudnist sprav pid chas voiennoho stanu na terytorii Ukrainy u 2022 rotsi. Protokol. Yurydychnyi internet resurs. 21.03.2022. URL: https://protocol.ua/ua/teritorialna_pidsudnist_sprav_pid_chas_voennogo_stanu_na_teritorii_ukraini_u_2022_rotsi_1/ [in Ukrainian].
2. Rekomendatsii sudam pershoi ta apeliatsiinoi instantsii na vypadok zakhoplennia naselenoho punktu ta/abo sudu chy bezposerednoi zahrozy yoho zakhoplennia: rozporiadzhennia Holovy Verkhovnoho Sudu vid 13.03.2022 No. 6/0/9-22. URL: https://oda.court.gov.ua/userfiles/media/new_folder_for_uploads/dsa/rozp_6_VC_13_03_22.pdf [in Ukrainian].
3. Yevropeiska konventsiia pro zakhyst prav liudyny i osnovopolozhnykh svobod vid 04.11.1950. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/995_004 [in Ukrainian].
4. Koverznev V.O. Zabezpechennia prava dostupu do sudu uchasnykam ekonomichnykh vidnosyn: monogr. NAN Ukrainy. DU “Instytut ekonomiko-pravovykh doslidzhen imeni V.K. Mamutova Natsionalnoi akademii nauk Ukrainy”. Kyiv, 2021. 168 p. [in Ukrainian].
5. Pravova model staloho rozvytku Ukrainy: monogr. Za zah. red. V.A. Ustymenka. NAN Ukrainy. DU “Instytut
ekonomiko-pravovykh doslidzhen imeni V.K. Mamutova Natsionalnoi akademii nauk Ukrainy”. Kyiv, 2021. 296 p. [in Ukrainian].
6. Pro vvedennia voiennoho stanu v Ukraini: Ukaz Prezydenta Ukrainy vid 24.02.2022 No. 64/2022. URL: https://www.president.gov.ua/documents/642022-41397 [in Ukrainian].
7. Konstytutsiia Ukrainy vid 28.06.1996. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 1996. No. 30. Art. 141 [in Ukrainian].
8. Pro pravovyi rezhym voiennoho stanu: Zakon Ukrainy vid 12.05.2015 No. 389-VIII. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2015. No. 28. Art. 250 [in Ukrainian].
9. RSU onovyla interaktyvnu kartu sudiv Ukrainy z rozrakhunkamy normatyviv navantazhennia na sudy ta suddiv. Ofitsiinyi sait Rady suddiv Ukrainy. 25.02.2022. URL: http://rsu.gov.ua/ua/news/rada-suddiv-ukraini-onovilainteraktivnu-kartu-sudiv-ukraini [in Ukrainian].
10. Pro vnesennia zmin do Hospodarskoho protsesualnoho kodeksu Ukrainy, Tsyvilnoho protsesualnoho kodeksu Ukrainy, Kodeksu administratyvnoho sudochynstva Ukrainy ta inshykh zakonodavchykh aktiv: Zakon Ukrainy vid 03.10.2017 No. 2147-VIII. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2017. No. 48. Art. 436 [in Ukrainian].
11. Polozhennia pro poriadok funktsionuvannia okremykh pidsystem Yedynoi sudovoi informatsiino-telekomunikatsiinoi systemy: zatverdzheno rishenniam Vyshchoi rady pravosuddia vid 17.08.2021 No. 1845/0/15-21. URL: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/rada/show/v1845910-21#Text [in Ukrainian].
12. Pro elektronni dovirchi posluhy: Zakon Ukrainy vid 05.10.2017 No. 2155-VIII. Vidomosti Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy. 2017. No. 45. Art. 400 [in Ukrainian].